Maria Firmina dos Reis

Origin

São Luís, MA

Years active

1859–1917

Genres

classical music, song

Biography

Maria Firmina dos Reis was born in São Luís, Maranhão, on March 11, 1822. Recognized primarily as a novelist and pioneering educator, she also stood out in the Brazilian cultural scene as a musician and composer, having left significant works that were later transcribed by musicians such as saxophonist José Soeiro. Her artistic and literary output was deeply connected to 19th-century Maranhão intellectuals, engaging in dialogue with prominent figures such as the poet Gonçalves Dias, with whom she even collaborated on musical creations, including a waltz composed by her with lyrics by the poet.

In addition to her literary contribution with abolitionist-themed novels and poetry, Maria Firmina composed various hymns, waltzes, and popular songs, including works such as the "Hymn to the Freedom of the Slaves" and "Boi Caramba". Her artistic endeavors reflected her social and political ideals, integrating music and literature in support of the abolitionist cause and cultural emancipation. She passed away in Guimarães on November 11, 1917, leaving a lasting legacy in the history of Brazilian culture.